Conduits



y 3 1955 c. A BONVILLIAN ETAL CONDUI TS Origmal Filed March 13 RALPH 6.5/9/5194 v United States Patent CON DUIT S Claude A., Bonvillian,Chattanooga, Tenn., Ralph C. Brierly, Narberth, Pa., and Samuel Letvin,Elmliurst,

Original application March 13, 1943, Serial No. 479,010. Divided andthis application December 1, 1949, Serial No. 130,571

1 Claim, (Cl. 138-453) (Granted under Title 35, U. S. Code (1952), see.266) This invention relates to conduits or pipe lines.

The invention provides a new and useful conduit for conducting hightemperature gases and other heated fluids from their point of generationor heating to their point of use or disposition or for conducting themfrom point to point.

The invention will be understood from the following description whenconsidered in connection with the accompanying drawing forming a partthereof, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view taken transversely of the axis of a conduitembodying the invention, and

Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating another form of the invention.

Like characters of reference refer to the same parts in the two views.

This application is a division of our copending application Serial No.479,010 filed March 13, 1943, now Patent No. 2,500,925.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawing, reference character designates thecylindrical portion of a section of pipe of ordinary steel. Each end ofthe pipe section 10 is provided with an annular flange 11 having boltholes 12 through which bolts are passed to secure adjacent pipe sectionstogether.

Within the cylindrical portion 10 and disposed coax- .ially therewith isa relatively thin, high temperature resistant alloy liner 13 which issupported in position by a plurality of generally Z-shaped spacing andsupporting members 14 which extend for the full length of the pipesection 10 and are secured by welding or otherwise to the liner 13 andrest against the inner cylindrical wall section 10 although they may, ifdesired, rest against the inner surface of the liner 15 describedhereinafter. The

Z-shaped spacing and supporting members 14 comprise flanges or headportions 23 and 24 hearing against the pipe section 10 and the innerliner 13 united by web portions 22 which are non-radial, that is to sayinclined to the radii of the conduit intersecting such webs.

Approximately midway between the section 10 and the liner 13, is anintermediate liner 15 which has a relatively high heat reflectingcharacteristic. The liner 15, as shown, is made in a plurality ofarcuate sections, each of which spans the space between adjacentZ-shaped members 14 and is attached to these members by suitable meanssuch as tack welding or bolting. High temperature insulation 16 isdisposed between the inner wall of section 10 and the outer wall of theintermediate liner 15. The inner liner 13 is provided with a pluralityof aperatures 17 to permit rapid equalization of gas pressure throughoutthe piping in conjunction with the spaces between the Z-shaped members14 and the sections of the liner 15.

The form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 2 is like the formpreviously described, excepting for the spacing and supporting membersfor the liners 13 and 15. In Fig. 2, longitudinally extending Z-shapedspacing and r ce supporting members 18 are welded or otherwise securedto the liner 13 and rest against the inner wall of the intermediateliner 15 the spacing and supporting members 18 include head or flangeportions 25 and 26 hearing against the intermediate and inner linersrespectively, and web portions 27 inclined to radii of the conduitintersecting such web portions. S-shaped spacing and supporting members19 are attached by welding or otherwise to the intermediate liner 15 andrest against the inner wall of the pipe section 10. Suitable apertures20 are provided in the intermediate liner 15 to provide forthe'equalization of gas pressure. The spacing and supporting members 19include flange or head portions 28 and 29 bearing against the outer pipesection and intermediate liner 12 and joined by a non-radial web portion30 which is at an angle to radii of the conduit intersecting the same.

It will be observed that the Z-shaped spacing and supporting memberswhich support the inner liner have webs which are nonradial, therebypermitting them to yield so as to permit free uniform expansion andcontraction of the liner in radial directions. These Z-shaped membersthus constitute in effect yielding or spring struts located at intervalsaround the circumference of the inner liner. Preferably also theZ-shaped struts are mounted upon and welded to the surface of one of thetubular members, preferably the outer surface of the inner liner, andare not secured at their other ends to the surface against which theybear. Thus the struts permit free longitudinal expansion and contractionof the inner liner with respect to the adjacent member, as well as freeradial expansion and contraction.

' By utilizing the invention, high temperature gases under high pressurecan be conducted from point to point with safety and without damage tothe piping 10, since it is thoroughly protected from the effects of thehigh temperature which is confined to the area within liner 13 and thisliner is free to expand and contract with changes in temperature. Owingto the fact that the pressure is equalized between the inside and theoutside of the liner, the latter is not required to withstand anyinternal pressure. Accordingly it may be made of a relatively lightgauge metal which is of such a nature as not to be adversely affectedeven if heated to high temperatures such as a red heat. The piping 10,on the other hand need not be made of such high heat resistant alloy andas it is protected from extreme temperatures it will retain its normalstrength to resist the pressure within it. The intermediate liner, ifused, acts as a means to reflect the heat, thereby reducing the amountof heat reaching the pipe 10, and it also acts to retain the insulatingmaterial 16 in position. In conjunction with the liner 17 it provides anair space which limits direct conduction of heat and permits the heatreflecting properties of intermediate liner to be effective.

The invention disclosed herein may be manufactured and used by or forthe Government of the United States for government purposes without thepayment of any royalty thereon.

It will be understood that preferred forms of the invention have beenillustrated and described and that changes in the form, location andrelative arrangement of the several parts of the conduits disclosed maybe made without departing from the principles of the invention.Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited excepting by the scopeof the appended claim.

What is claimed is:

A fluid conduit construction which is subjected to expansile andcontractile strains comprising a rigid outer imperforate tubular memberand a rigid inner perforate tubular member providing a fluid passageway,a plurality of resilient struts spaced circumferentially of and betweenthe tubular members to provide an annular space between adjacent wallsof said members, said resilient struts being in contact with saidadjacent walls and secured to at least one of said walls to provide forrelative movement between the tubular members, partitioning meansextending generally axially of said annular space and dividing the spaceinto an outer annular zone for receiving insulation material and aninner annular fluid zone which is in communication with said fluidpassageway through perforations in the inner tubular member.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS268,860 Browell Dec. 12, 1882 Ainsworth Apr. 20, 1886 Costigan Sept. 8,1891 Coflin May 28, 1929 Schmidt et a1. May 6, 1930 Robinson Oct. 10,1933 Zalkind Feb. 18, 1941 Ray May 16, 1944 Scharwath Oct. 29, 1946Villiger May 3, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Switzerland Aug. 17, 1942 GreatBritain July 15, 1938 Great Britain Apr. 10, 1941 Great Britain Aug. 9,1942

